B2-level French connectors and discourse markers for fluent, well-structured speech and writing. Essential for expressing complex ideas in French.
cependant
however
néanmoins
nevertheless, nonetheless
toutefois
however, yet
en effet
indeed, in fact
d'ailleurs
moreover, besides; for that matter
par conséquent
consequently, therefore
ainsi
thus, in this way
donc
so, therefore
puisque
since, given that
parce que
because
car
because, for (formal, written)
bien que
although, even though (+ subjunctive)
malgré
despite, in spite of
en revanche
on the other hand, by contrast
d'une part ... d'autre part
on the one hand ... on the other hand
en outre
furthermore, in addition
de plus
moreover, what's more
par ailleurs
besides, furthermore; otherwise
pourtant
yet, and yet
or
now, but (introduces a key point in an argument)
quoique
although, though (+ subjunctive)
à condition que
on condition that, provided that (+ subjunctive)
du moment que
as long as, provided that
tant que
as long as
jusqu'à ce que
until (+ subjunctive)
avant que
before (+ subjunctive)
après que
after
au moment où
at the moment when, just when
à peine ... que
hardly ... when, no sooner ... than
pendant que
while, during the time that
tandis que
whereas, while
pour que
so that, in order that (+ subjunctive)
afin que
so that, in order that (+ subjunctive, formal)
de sorte que
so that; with the result that
si bien que
so much so that, with the result that
à moins que
unless (+ subjunctive)
pourvu que
provided that; let's hope that (+ subjunctive)
en cas de
in case of, in the event of
au cas où
in case, just in case (+ conditional)
par exemple
for example
notamment
notably, in particular, especially