Практика Present Perfect, Past Perfect и Present Perfect Continuous для экзамена по английскому языку.
Form: Present Perfect
have/has + V3.
Form: Past Perfect
had + V3.
Form: Present Perfect Continuous
have/has been + V+ing.
Use: Present Perfect
Действие, которое началось в прошлом и имеет отношение к настоящему.
Use: Past Perfect
Действие, которое завершилось до другого действия в прошлом.
since vs for
since + момент времени; for + период времени.
I have lived here ___ 2010.
since.
I have lived here ___ 5 years.
for.
She has just left.
just = только что (Present Perfect).
Have you ever been to Paris?
ever = когда-либо.
I haven't seen him yet.
yet = ещё (не).
He has already finished.
already = уже.
Past of 'go' (V3)
gone (have gone) или been (have been).
Past of 'see' (V3)
seen.
Past of 'eat' (V3)
eaten.
Past of 'write' (V3)
written.
Past of 'speak' (V3)
spoken.
Past of 'take' (V3)
taken.
Past of 'do' (V3)
done.
Past of 'be' (V3)
been.
When I arrived, the train ___. (already left)
had already left — Past Perfect.
By next year, I ___ (graduate).
will have graduated — Future Perfect.
She ___ (study) for 3 hours.
has been studying — Present Perfect Continuous.
Difference: been to / gone to
been to = посетил и вернулся; gone to = ушёл и всё ещё там.
I have been to Paris twice.
Я был в Париже дважды.